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oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/163012025-05-07T13:09:18Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19610

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc van der Schyff, Veronica author Kalina, Jiři author Govarts, Eva author Gilles, Liese author Schoeters, Greet author Castaño, Argelia author Esteban-Lopez, Marta author Kohoutek, Jiří author Kukučka, Petr author Covaci, Adrian author Koppen, Gudrun author Andrýsková, Lenka author Piler, Pavel author Klánová, Jana author Jensen, Tina Kold author Rambaud, Loïc author Riou, Margaux author Lamoree, Marja author Kolossa-Gehring, Marike author Vogel, Nina author Weber, Till author Göen, Thomas author Gabriel, Catherine author Sarigiannis, Dimosthenis A author Sakhi, Amrit Kaur author Haug, Line Småstuen author Palkovicova Murinova, Lubica author Fábelová, Lucia author Tratnik, Janja Snoj author Mazej, Darja author Melymuk, Lisa author 2023-01 Many legacy and emerging flame retardants (FRs) have adverse human and environmental health effects. This study reports legacy and emerging FRs in children from nine European countries from the HBM4EU aligned studies. Studies from Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, France, Greece, Slovenia, Slovakia, and Norway conducted between 2014 and 2021 provided data on FRs in blood and urine from 2136 children. All samples were collected and analyzed in alignment with the HBM4EU protocols. Ten halogenated FRs were quantified in blood, and four organophosphate flame retardants (OPFR) metabolites quantified in urine. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) were infrequently detected (<16% of samples). BDE-47 was quantified in blood from Greece, France, and Norway, with France (0.36 ng/g lipid) having the highest concentrations. BDE-153 and -209 were detected in <40% of samples. Dechlorane Plus (DP) was quantified in blood from four countries, with notably high median concentrations of 16 ng/g lipid in Slovenian children. OPFR metabolites had a higher detection frequency than other halogenated FRs. Diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) was quantified in 99% of samples across 8 countries at levels ∼5 times higher than other OPFR metabolites (highest median in Slovenia of 2.43 ng/g lipid). FR concentrations were associated with lifestyle factors such as cleaning frequency, employment status of the father of the household, and renovation status of the house, among others. The concentrations of BDE-47 in children from this study were similar to or lower than FRs found in adult matrices in previous studies, suggesting lower recent exposure and effectiveness of PBDE restrictions. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2023 Jan;247:114070. 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114070 1618-131X International journal of hygiene and environmental health 36442457 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/16301 Children Europe HBM4EU Human biomonitoring Organophosphate flame retardants Polybrominated diphenyl ethers Exposure to flame retardants in European children - Results from the HBM4EU aligned studies