2026-07-23T20:39:21Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/requestoai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/162922024-09-27T19:18:28Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19609
Repisalud
author
Sprong, Hein
author
Cacciò, Simone M
author
van der Giessen, Joke W B
author
ZOOPNET network and partners
author
Rubio Muñoz, Jose Miguel
author
Fuentes Corripio, Isabel
funder
Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority
2023-07-19T10:51:45Z
2023-07-19T10:51:45Z
2009-12-01
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009 Dec 1;3(12):e558.
10.1371/journal.pntd.0000558
1935-2735
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
19956662
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/16292
Giardia duodenalis, originally regarded as a commensal organism, is the etiologic agent of giardiasis, a gastrointestinal disease of humans and animals. Giardiasis causes major public and veterinary health concerns worldwide. Transmission is either direct, through the faecal-oral route, or indirect, through ingestion of contaminated water or food. Genetic characterization of G. duodenalis isolates has revealed the existence of seven groups (assemblages A to G) which differ in their host distribution. Assemblages A and B are found in humans and in many other mammals, but the role of animals in the epidemiology of human infection is still unclear, despite the fact that the zoonotic potential of Giardia was recognised by the WHO some 30 years ago. Here, we performed an extensive genetic characterization of 978 human and 1440 animal isolates, which together comprise 3886 sequences from 4 genetic loci. The data were assembled into a molecular epidemiological database developed by a European network of public and veterinary health Institutions. Genotyping was performed at different levels of resolution (single and multiple loci on the same dataset). The zoonotic potential of both assemblages A and B is evident when studied at the level of assemblages, sub-assemblages, and even at each single locus. However, when genotypes are defined using a multi-locus sequence typing scheme, only 2 multi-locus genotypes (MLG) of assemblage A and none of assemblage B appear to have a zoonotic potential. Surprisingly, mixtures of genotypes in individual isolates were repeatedly observed. Possible explanations are the uptake of genetically different Giardia cysts by a host, or subsequent infection of an already infected host, likely without overt symptoms, with a different Giardia species, which may cause disease. Other explanations for mixed genotypes, particularly for assemblage B, are substantial allelic sequence heterogeneity and/or genetic recombination. Although the zoonotic potential of G. duodenalis is evident, evidence on the contribution and frequency is (still) lacking. This newly developed molecular database has the potential to tackle intricate epidemiological questions concerning protozoan diseases.
eng
Identification of zoonotic genotypes of Giardia duodenalis
research article
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URL
https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/6b9290a2-be88-4347-9b41-40812c2220a2/download
File
MD5
cab5082605ffc21bbe055c3870bb7c01
376114
application/pdf
IdentificationZoonoticGenotypesGiardia_2009.pdf
URL
https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/224fa4cd-d300-4b40-8512-39698a853764/download
File
MD5
db700adf659e4afc820f31db691e8192
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text/plain
IdentificationZoonoticGenotypesGiardia_2009.pdf.txt