2026-07-21T19:37:30Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/requestoai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/161912024-11-28T17:26:15Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051com_20.500.12105_15322col_20.500.12105_19609col_20.500.12105_16960
Repisalud
author
Pita-Martínez, Carlos
author
Perez-Garcia, Felipe
author
Virseda-Berdices, Ana
author
Martin-Vicente, Maria
author
Castilla-García, Lucía
author
Hervás Fernández, Irene
author
González Ventosa, Victoria
author
Muñoz-Gómez, María José
author
Cuadros-González, Juan
author
Bermejo-Martin, Jesús F
author
Resino, Salvador
author
Martinez, Isidoro
funder
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
funder
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - CIBERINFEC (Enfermedades Infecciosas)
funder
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - CIBERES (Enfermedades Respiratorias)
2023-06-27T10:03:10Z
2023-06-27T10:03:10Z
2023-06-07
Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Jun 7;134:126-132.
10.1016/j.ijid.2023.06.001
1878-3511
International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
37290572
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/16191
Objectives: We analyzed the expression of inflammatory and antiviral genes in the nasopharynx of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and their association with the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 223 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Clinical data were collected from medical records, and nasopharyngeal samples were collected in the first 24 hours after admission to the emergency room. The gene expression of eight proinflammatory/antiviral genes (plasminogen activator urokinase receptor [PLAUR], interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, interferon [IFN]-β, IFN-stimulated gene 15 [ISG15], retinoic acid-inducible gene I [RIG-I], C-C motif ligand 5 [CCL5], and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 10 [CXCL10]) were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Outcome variables were: (i) pneumonia; (ii) severe pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: We enrolled 84 mild, 88 moderate, and 51 severe/critical cases. High expression of PLAUR (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.25; P = 0.032, risk factor) and low expression of CXCL10 (aOR = 0.89; P = 0.048, protective factor) were associated with pneumonia. Furthermore, lower values of ISG15 (aOR = 0.88, P = 0.021), RIG-I (aOR = 0.87, P = 0.034), CCL5 (aOR = 0.73, P <0.001), and CXCL10 (aOR = 0.84, P = 0.002) were risk factors for severe pneumonia/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusion: An unbalanced early innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharynx, characterized by high expression of PLAUR and low expression of antiviral genes (ISG15 and RIG-I), and chemokines (CCL5 and CXCL10), was associated with COVID-19 severity.
eng
COVID-19
Gene expression
Immune response
Mucosal nasopharynx
Pneumonia
SARS-CoV-2
A deficient immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharynx is associated with severe COVID-19 pneumonia
journal article
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