2026-07-21T19:37:29Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request

oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/161912024-11-28T17:26:15Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051com_20.500.12105_15322col_20.500.12105_19609col_20.500.12105_16960

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Pita-Martínez, Carlos author Perez-Garcia, Felipe author Virseda-Berdices, Ana author Martin-Vicente, Maria author Castilla-García, Lucía author Hervás Fernández, Irene author González Ventosa, Victoria author Muñoz-Gómez, María José author Cuadros-González, Juan author Bermejo-Martin, Jesús F author Resino, Salvador author Martinez, Isidoro author 2023-06-07 Objectives: We analyzed the expression of inflammatory and antiviral genes in the nasopharynx of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and their association with the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 223 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Clinical data were collected from medical records, and nasopharyngeal samples were collected in the first 24 hours after admission to the emergency room. The gene expression of eight proinflammatory/antiviral genes (plasminogen activator urokinase receptor [PLAUR], interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, interferon [IFN]-β, IFN-stimulated gene 15 [ISG15], retinoic acid-inducible gene I [RIG-I], C-C motif ligand 5 [CCL5], and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 10 [CXCL10]) were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Outcome variables were: (i) pneumonia; (ii) severe pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: We enrolled 84 mild, 88 moderate, and 51 severe/critical cases. High expression of PLAUR (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.25; P = 0.032, risk factor) and low expression of CXCL10 (aOR = 0.89; P = 0.048, protective factor) were associated with pneumonia. Furthermore, lower values of ISG15 (aOR = 0.88, P = 0.021), RIG-I (aOR = 0.87, P = 0.034), CCL5 (aOR = 0.73, P <0.001), and CXCL10 (aOR = 0.84, P = 0.002) were risk factors for severe pneumonia/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusion: An unbalanced early innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharynx, characterized by high expression of PLAUR and low expression of antiviral genes (ISG15 and RIG-I), and chemokines (CCL5 and CXCL10), was associated with COVID-19 severity. Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Jun 7;134:126-132. 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.06.001 1878-3511 International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases 37290572 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/16191 COVID-19 Gene expression Immune response Mucosal nasopharynx Pneumonia SARS-CoV-2 A deficient immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharynx is associated with severe COVID-19 pneumonia