2026-07-21T07:53:11Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request

oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/158332024-09-27T17:15:22Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19608

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Barbeito, Inés author Precioso, Daniel author Sierra, María José author Vegas-Azcárate, Susana author Fernández Balbuena, Sonia author Vitoriano, Begoña author Goméz-Ullate, David author Cao, Ricardo author Monge Corella, Susana author Study Group for Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions in Spain author 2023-04 Background: We estimated the association between the level of restriction in nine different fields of activity and SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility in Spain, from 15 September 2020 to 9 May 2021. Methods: A stringency index (0–1) was created for each Spanish province (n = 50) daily. A hierarchical multiplicative model was fitted. The median of coefficients across provinces (95% bootstrap confidence intervals) quantified the effect of increasing one standard deviation in the stringency index over the logarithmic return of the weekly percentage variation of the 7-days SARS-CoV-2 cumulative incidence, lagged 12 days. Results: Overall, increasing restrictions reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission by 22% (RR = 0.78; one-sided 95%CI: 0, 0.82) in 1 week, with highest effects for culture and leisure 14% (0.86; 0, 0.98), social distancing 13% (0.87; 0, 0.95), indoor restaurants 10% (0.90; 0, 0.95) and indoor sports 6% (0.94; 0, 0.98). In a reduced model with seven fields, culture and leisure no longer had a significant effect while ceremonies decreased transmission by 5% (0.95; 0, 0.96). Models R2 was around 70%. Conclusion: Increased restrictions decreased COVID-19 transmission. Limitations include remaining collinearity between fields, and somewhat artificial quantification of qualitative restrictions, so the exact attribution of the effect to specific areas must be done with caution. Front. Public Health. 2023;11:1061331. 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061331 2296-2565 Frontiers in Public Health http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/15833 COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) Effectiveness Stringency index Logarithmic return Hierarchical models Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions in nine fields of activity to decrease SARS-CoV-2 transmission (Spain, September 2020–May 2021)