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oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/144872025-06-11T13:18:19Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19612

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Schünemann, Holger J author Reinap, Marge author Piggott, Thomas author Laidmäe, Erki author Köhler, Kristina author Pōld, Mariliis author Ens, Brendalynn author Irs, Alar author Akl, Elie A author Cuello, Carlos A author Falavigna, Maicon author Gibbens, Michelle author Neamtiu, Luciana author Parmelli, Elena author Jameleddine, Mouna author Pyke, Lisa author Verstijnen, Ilse author Alonso-Coello, Pablo author Tugwell, Peter author Zhang, Yuan author Saz-Parkinson, ZuleiKa author Kuchenmüller, Tanja author Moja, Lorenzo author 2022-04 Clinicians, patients, policy makers, funders, programme managers, regulators, and science communities invest considerable amounts of time and energy in influencing or making decisions at various levels, using systematic reviews, health technology assessments, guideline recommendations, coverage decisions, selection of essential medicines and diagnostics, quality assurance and improvement schemes, and policy and evidence briefs. The criteria and methods that these actors use in their work differ (eg, the role economic analysis has in decision making), but these methods frequently overlap and exist together. Under the aegis of WHO, we have brought together representatives of different areas to reconcile how the evidence that influences decisions is used across multiple health system decision levels. We describe the overlap and differences in decision-making criteria between different actors in the health sector to provide bridging opportunities through a unifying broad framework that we call theory of everything. Although decision-making activities respond to system needs, processes are often poorly coordinated, both globally and on a country level. A decision made in isolation from other decisions on the same topic could cause misleading, unnecessary, or conflicted inputs to the health system and, therefore, confusion and resource waste. Lancet Public Health. 2022 Apr;7(4):e378-e390. 10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00057-3 2468-2667 The Lancet. Public Health 35366410 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/14487 The ecosystem of health decision making: from fragmentation to synergy