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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Berenguer, Juan author Jarrin Vera, Inmaculada author Pérez-Latorre, Leire author Hontañón, Víctor author Vivancos, María J author Navarro, Jordi author Téllez, María Jesús author Guardiola, Josep M author Iribarren, José A author Rivero-Juarez, Antonio author Márquez, Manuel author Artero, Arturo author Morano, Luis author Santos, Ignacio author Moreno, Javier author Fariñas, María Carmen author Galindo, María J author Hernando, María A author Montero, Marta author Cifuentes, Carmen author Domingo, Pere author Sanz, José author Domíngez, Lourdes author Ferrero, Oscar L author de la Fuente, Belén author Rodríguez, Carmen author Reus, Sergio author Hernández-Quero, José author Gaspar, Gabriel author Pérez-Martínez, Laura author García, Coral author Force, Lluis author Veloso, Sergio author Losa, Juan E author Vilaró, Josep author Bernal, Enrique author Arponen, Sari author Ortí, Amat J author Chocarro, Ángel author Teira, Ramon author Alonso, Gerardo author Silvariño, Rafael author Vegas, Ana author Geijo, Paloma author Bisbe, Josep author Esteban, Herminia author González-García, Juan author GeSIDA 8514 Study Group author 2018 Background: We assessed the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV-Abs) and active HCV infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Spain in 2016 and compared the results with those of similar studies performed in 2002, 2009, and 2015. Methods: The study was performed in 43 centers during October-November 2016. The sample was estimated for an accuracy of 2% and selected by proportional allocation and simple random sampling. During 2016, criteria for therapy based on direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) were at least significant liver fibrosis, severe extrahepatic manifestations of HCV, and high risk of HCV transmissibility. Results: The reference population and the sample size were 38904 and 1588 patients, respectively. The prevalence of HCV-Abs in 2002, 2009, 2015, and 2016 was 60.8%, 50.2%, 37.7%, and 34.6%, respectively (P trend <.001, from 2002 to 2015). The prevalence of active HCV in 2002, 2009, 2015, and 2016 was 54.0%, 34.0%, 22.1%, and 11.7%, respectively (P trend <.001). The anti-HCV treatment uptake in 2002, 2009, 2015, and 2016 was 23.0%, 48.0%, 59.3%, and 74.7%, respectively (P trend <.001). In 2016, HCV-related cirrhosis was present in 7.6% of all HIV-infected individuals, 15.0% of patients with active HCV, and 31.5% of patients who cleared HCV after anti-HCV therapy. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that with universal access to DAA-based therapy and continued efforts in prevention and screening, it will be possible to eliminate active HCV among HIV-infected individuals in Spain in the short term. However, the burden of HCV-related cirrhosis will continue to be significant among HIV-infected individuals. Berenguer J, Jarrin I, Perez-Latorre L, Hontanon V, Vivancos MJ, Navarro J, et al. Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Hepatits C Virus Coinfection in Spain: Elimination Is Feasible, but the Burden of Residual Cirrhosis Will Be Significant. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018 Jan;5(1):ofx258. 2328-8957 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/10788 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/13939 29354658 10.1093/ofid/ofx258 Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2-s2.0-85050217633 423832400014 Coinfection/epidemiology Hepatitis C/drug therapy/epidemiology HIV infection/epidemiology Spain/epidemiology Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Hepatits C Virus Coinfection in Spain: Elimination Is Feasible, but the Burden of Residual Cirrhosis Will Be Significant