2026-07-21T14:27:06Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/requestoai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/128792025-06-19T11:40:05Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19613
Repisalud
author
Vives-Cases, Carmen
author
La Parra-Casado, Daniel
author
Estévez, Jesús F
author
Torrubiano-Domínguez, Jordi
author
Sanz-Barbero, Belén
funder
Banco Santander
funder
Conferencia de Rectores de las Universidades Españolas
funder
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España)
2021-05-05T13:13:08Z
2021-05-05T13:13:08Z
2021-04-28
Int J Environ Res Public Health . 2021 Apr 28;18(9):4698.
10.3390/ijerph18094698
1660-4601
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
33925021
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/12879
Aims: To analyze the temporal and geographical distribution of different indicators for the evolution of intimate partner violence against women (IPV) before, during and after the COVID-19 induced lockdown between March and June 2020 in Spain. Methods: Descriptive ecological study based on numbers of 016-calls, policy reports, women killed, and protection orders (PO) issued due to IPV across Spain as a whole and by province (2015-2020). We calculated quarterly rates for each indicator. A cluster analysis was performed using 016-call rates and protection orders by province in the second quarters of 2019 and 2020. ANOVAs were calculated for clustering by province, unemployment rates by province, and the current IPV prevalence. Results: During the second quarter of 2020, the highest 016-call rate was recorded (12.19 per 10,000 women aged 15 or over). Policy report rates (16.62), POs (2.81), and fatalities (0.19 per 1,000,000 women aged 15 or over) decreased in the second quarter of 2020. In the third quarter, 016-calls decreased, and policy reports and POs increased. Four clusters were identified, and significant differences in unemployment rates between clusters were observed (F = 3.05, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown fostered a change in IPV-affected women's help-seeking behavior. Differences between the volume of contacts made via 016-call and the policy reports generated provide evidence for the existence of barriers to IPV-service access during the lockdown and the period of remote working. More efforts are needed to reorganize services to cope with IPV in non-presential situations. The provinces with the highest 016-call and PO rates were also those with the highest rates of unemployment, a worrying result given the current socioeconomic crisis.
eng
Intimate partner violence
SARS-CoV-2
Formal help-seeking
Spain
Femicide
Intimate partner violence against Women during the COVID-19 lockdown in Spain
research article
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IntimatePartnerViolenceAgainst_2021.pdf.txt