<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-06-14T03:41:06Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/12683" metadataPrefix="marc">https://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/12683</identifier><datestamp>2025-05-30T11:10:33Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_20.500.12105_2052</setSpec><setSpec>com_20.500.12105_2051</setSpec><setSpec>col_20.500.12105_19616</setSpec></header><metadata><record xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd">
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      <subfield code="a">García-Pérez, Lidia</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Linertová, Renata</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Valcárcel-Nazco, Cristina</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Posada De la Paz, Manuel</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Gorostiza, Inigo</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Serrano-Aguilar, Pedro</subfield>
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      <subfield code="c">2021</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Objective: The aim of this scoping review was to overview the cost-of-illness studies conducted in rare diseases. Methods: We searched papers published in English in PubMed from January 2007 to December 2018. We selected cost-of-illness studies on rare diseases defined as those with prevalence lower than 5 per 10,000 cases. Studies were selected by one researcher and verified by a second researcher. Methodological characteristics were extracted to develop a narrative synthesis. Results: We included 63 cost-of-illness studies on 42 rare diseases conducted in 25 countries, and 9 systematic reviews. Most studies (94%) adopted a prevalence-based estimation, where the predominant design was cross-sectional with a bottom-up approach. Only four studies adopted an incidence-based estimation. Most studies used questionnaires to patients or caregivers to collect resource utilisation data (67%) although an important number of studies used databases or registries as a source of data (48%). Costs of lost productivity, non-medical costs and informal care costs were included in 68%, 60% and 43% of studies, respectively. Conclusion: This review found a paucity of cost-of-illness studies in rare diseases. However, the analysis shows that the cost-of-illness studies of rare diseases are feasible, although the main issue is the lack of primary and/or aggregated data that often prevents a reliable estimation of the economic burden.</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Orphanet J Rare Dis  . 2021 Apr 13;16(1):178.</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">10.1186/s13023-021-01815-3</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">1750-1172</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">33849613</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/12683</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Cost-of-illness</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Rare diseases</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Scoping review.</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Cost-of-illness studies in rare diseases: a scoping review</subfield>
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