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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Vázquez-Carballo, Cristina author Guerrero-Hue, Melania author García-Caballero, Cristina author Rayego-Mateos, Sandra author Opazo-Ríos, Lucas author Morgado-Pascual, José Luis author Herencia-Bellido, Carmen author Vallejo-Mudarra, Mercedes author Cortegano, Isabel author Gaspar, Maria Luisa author Andres, Belen de author Egido, Jesús author Moreno, Juan Antonio author 2021-01-15 Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important health problem, affecting 13.3 million individuals/year. It is associated with increased mortality, mainly in low- and middle-income countries, where renal replacement therapy is limited. Moreover, survivors show adverse long-term outcomes, including increased risk of developing recurrent AKI bouts, cardiovascular events, and chronic kidney disease. However, there are no specific treatments to decrease the adverse consequences of AKI. Epidemiological and preclinical studies show the pathological role of inflammation in AKI, not only at the acute phase but also in the progression to chronic kidney disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key regulators of the inflammatory response and have been associated to many cellular processes activated during AKI. For that reason, a number of anti-inflammatory agents targeting TLRs have been analyzed in preclinical studies to decrease renal damage during AKI. In this review, we updated recent knowledge about the role of TLRs, mainly TLR4, in the initiation and development of AKI as well as novel compounds targeting these molecules to diminish kidney injury associated to this pathological condition. Int J Mol Sci . 2021 Jan 15;22(2):816. 10.3390/ijms22020816 1422-0067 International journal of molecular sciences 33467524 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/12680 Acute kidney injury Drugs Inflammation Therapy Toll-like receptors Toll-Like Receptors in Acute Kidney Injury.