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oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/125292024-09-27T21:01:25Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19609

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Bouchery, Tiffany author Moyat, Mati author Sotillo, Javier author Silverstein, Solomon author Volpe, Beatrice author Coakley, Gillian author Tsourouktsoglou, Theodora-Dorita author Becker, Luke author Shah, Kathleen author Kulagin, Manuel author Guiet, Romain author Camberis, Mali author Schmidt, Alfonso author Seitz, Arne author Giacomin, Paul author Le Gros, Graham author Papayannopoulos, Venizelos author Loukas, Alex author Harris, Nicola L author 2020 Hookworms cause a major neglected tropical disease, occurring after larvae penetrate the host skin. Neutrophils are phagocytes that kill large pathogens by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), but whether they target hookworms during skin infection is unknown. Using a murine hookworm, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, we observed neutrophils being rapidly recruited and deploying NETs around skin-penetrating larvae. Neutrophils depletion or NET inhibition altered larvae behavior and enhanced the number of adult worms following murine infection. Nevertheless, larvae were able to mitigate the effect of NETs by secreting a deoxyribonuclease (Nb-DNase II) to degrade the DNA backbone. Critically, neutrophils were able to kill larvae in vitro, which was enhanced by neutralizing Nb-DNase II. Homologs of Nb-DNase II are present in other nematodes, including the human hookworm, Necator americanus, which also evaded NETs in vitro. These findings highlight the importance of neutrophils in hookworm infection and a potential conserved mechanism of immune evasion. Cell Host Microbe . 2020 Feb 12;27(2):277-289.e6. 10.1016/j.chom.2020.01.011 1934-6069 Cell host & microbe 32053791 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/12529 DNAse II Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Helminth Hookworm Immune-evasion Neutrophil extracellular traps Neutrophils Hookworms Evade Host Immunity by Secreting a Deoxyribonuclease to Degrade Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.