2026-06-14T16:01:53Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request
oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/121602025-06-17T07:53:35Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19609
Repisalud author Khudhair, Zainab author Alhallaf, Rafid author Eichenberger, Ramon M author Whan, Jen author Kupz, Andreas author Field, Matt author Krause, Lutz author Wilson, David T author Daly, Norelle L author Giacomin, Paul author Sotillo, Javier author Loukas, Alex funder National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) 2021-03-09T09:54:28Z 2021-03-09T09:54:28Z 2020 Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Feb 5;11:606530. 10.3389/fendo.2020.606530 1664-2392 Frontiers in endocrinology 33613446 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/12160 Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major health problem and is considered one of the top 10 diseases leading to death globally. T2D has been widely associated with systemic and local inflammatory responses and with alterations in the gut microbiota. Microorganisms, including parasitic worms and gut microbes have exquisitely co-evolved with their hosts to establish an immunological interaction that is essential for the formation and maintenance of a balanced immune system, including suppression of excessive inflammation. Herein we show that both prophylactic and therapeutic infection of mice with the parasitic hookworm-like nematode, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance and body weight gain in two different diet-induced mouse models of T2D. Helminth infection was associated with elevated type 2 immune responses including increased eosinophil numbers in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and adipose tissues, as well as increased expression of IL-4 and alternatively activated macrophage marker genes in adipose tissue, liver and gut. N. brasiliensis infection was also associated with significant compositional changes in the gut microbiota at both the phylum and order levels. Our findings show that N. brasiliensis infection drives changes in local and systemic immune cell populations, and that these changes are associated with a reduction in systemic and local inflammation and compositional changes in the gut microbiota which cumulatively might be responsible for the improved insulin sensitivity observed in infected mice. Our findings indicate that carefully controlled therapeutic hookworm infection in humans could be a novel approach for treating metabolic syndrome and thereby preventing T2D. eng M2 macrophages Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Eosinophils Helminth High fat diet High glycemic index diet Microbiota Type 2 diabetes Gastrointestinal helminth infection improves insulin sensitivity, decreases systemic inflammation, and alters the composition of gut microbiota in distinct mouse models of Type 2 Diabetes research article 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 URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/7111c6b9-70d2-4ea7-a1c4-da8ee6f02052/download File MD5 97c2acdcaa39177df71b0a00fb4b4b75 2275688 application/pdf GastrointestinalHelminthInfectionImproves_2021.pdf URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/b432b77d-1a53-4984-ba5c-b0602ee463d7/download File MD5 7ac0450f78ddc8a2020554747902515e 30514 application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document GastrointestinalHelminthInfectionImprovesDataSheet1_2021.docx URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/360ea538-8bbd-4a0d-8610-4b27ac546fd8/download File MD5 f64ac94132cbd288ce6190783ab3ac39 106981 application/pdf GastrointestinalHelminthInfectionImprovesImage1_2021.pdf URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/da8b54cb-e0e5-4a12-af08-fd99918ae2d1/download File MD5 3eef6648a6ad8b5d552f8b6b7fca30e9 20602 application/pdf GastrointestinalHelminthInfectionImprovesImage2_2021.pdf URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/e19b29ae-095b-4365-bc76-088b74250afd/download File MD5 b1a0f9d8c756d6019ecd00ea5e2e9199 80914 text/plain GastrointestinalHelminthInfectionImproves_2021.pdf.txt URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/0a5f5cbf-6c1b-4d7b-a95b-0841f2febf8b/download File MD5 68b329da9893e34099c7d8ad5cb9c940 1 text/plain GastrointestinalHelminthInfectionImprovesImage1_2021.pdf.txt URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/a772e5d7-218f-4187-951c-10592552ddce/download File MD5 68b329da9893e34099c7d8ad5cb9c940 1 text/plain GastrointestinalHelminthInfectionImprovesImage2_2021.pdf.txt URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/7b04b976-5104-4fd1-9951-e2aed509ea70/download File MD5 5f4e052270bb4319d3329d04011a3fa2 4133 text/plain GastrointestinalHelminthInfectionImprovesDataSheet1_2021.docx.txt