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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Ramírez Sánchez, Danna C author Marínez Barroso, Katherin A author Asúnsolo-Del-Barco, Ángel author 2011-09 [ES] Introducción: El consumo excesivo de alcohol es un problema de salud pública, según la OMS anualmente mueren 2,5 millones de personas por esta causa, el sector laboral no escapa a esta situación, creando la necesidad detectar precozmente el consumo de alcohol en los trabajadores. Objetivos: Identificar los factores de riesgo para el consumo de alcohol en el medio laboral, y describir instrumentos útiles para el médico del trabajo, en el reconocimiento de trabajadores con problemas de abuso de alcohol. Método: Se consultaron distintas bases de datos PUBMED, CISDOC, SCIELO, LILACS, MEDLINE The cocrhane library. Se evaluaron resúmenes y se recuperaron a texto completo aquellos relacionados con abuso de alcohol en población trabajadora. Resultados: Se encontraron estudios epidemiológicos, de casos y controles, publicaciones de organismos oficiales y revistas de salud laboral. Estos evaluaron factores psicosociales y alcohol, algunos estudios usaron medidas de cribaje como cuestionarios AUDIT, CAGE y MALT para diagnosticar consumo perjudicial de alcohol.[EN] Background: The alcohol abuse (AA) is a public health problem that causes 2.5 million deaths annually (WHO), the labor sector is not immune to this situation, creating the need for early detection of AA on workers. Objective: To identify risk factors and instruments for health surveillance of workers with AA problems. Methods: We reviewed the literature, PUBMED, CIS-DOC, SCIELO, LILACS, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library. We included studies relating to AA in the working population, risk factors and consequences in the labor sector. They were classified according to level of evidence (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, SIGN). Results: There were 75 articles, 31 met the criteria for inclusion: A 2+ evidence study. Fifteen evidence 3 and sixteen with evidence level 4. Alcohol was the most consumed psychoactive substance in the working population prevalence of 77.8% in men and 72.9% in women. It was considered a risk factor for the AA, nonqualified. Two studies with evidence level 4 reported the increased accident rates and absenteeism related to AA. The AA screening methods used were CAGE and AUDIT . Conclusions: The risk factors were identified in the working population, related to work organization, skill levels and individual factors. The use of CAGE and AUDIT for detection of AA was considered the best option for easy application and low cost. Insufficient documentation was found on the effects of AA, suggesting the promotion of study of these issues and assess the use of screening measures to enhance prevention. Med Segur Trab 2011; Vol.57 Nº 224;190-209 10.4321/S0465-546X2011000300002 1989-7790 0465-546X Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/11981 Abuso de Alcohol Medio laboral Factores de riesgo Alcohol abuse labor sector risk factors workplace CAGE AUDIT Abuso de alcohol en el medio laboral, factores de riesgo para el consumo, e instrumentos de valoración aplicables en la vigilancia de la salud