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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Lopez-Melgar, Beatriz author Fernandez-Friera, Leticia author Sanchez-Gonzalez, Javier author Vilchez, Jean Paul author Cecconi, Alberto author Mateo, Jesus author Peñalvo, Jose L author Oliva, Belen author Garcia-Ruiz, Jose M author Kauffman, Steve author Jimenez-Borreguero, Luis J. author Ruiz-Cabello, Jesus author Fernandez-Ortiz, Antonio author Ibáñez, Borja author Fuster, Valentin author 2016-05 Direct quantification of atherosclerotic plaque volume by three-dimensional vascular ultrasound (3DVUS) is more reproducible than 2DUS-based three-dimensional (2D/3D) techniques that generate pseudo-3D volumes from summed 2D plaque areas; however, its accuracy has not been reported. We aimed to determine 3DVUS accuracy for plaque volume measurement with special emphasis on small plaques (a hallmark of early atherosclerosis). The in vitro study consisted of nine phantoms of different volumes (small and medium-large) embedded at variable distances from the surface (superficial vs. >5 cm-depth) and comparison of 3DVUS data generated using a novel volumetric-linear array method with the real phantom volumes. The in vivo study was undertaken in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis in which 3DVUS and 2D/3D volume measurements were correlated against gold-standard histological measurements. In the in vitro setting, there was a strong correlation between 3DVUS measures and real phantom volume both for small (3.0-64.5 mm(3) size) and medium-large (91.1-965.5 mm(3) size) phantoms embedded superficially, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of 0.99 and 0.98, respectively; conversely, when phantoms were placed at >5 cm, the correlation was only moderate (ICC = 0.67). In the in vivo setting there was strong correlation between 3DVUS-measured plaque volumes and the histological gold-standard (ICC = 0.99 [4.02-92.5 mm(3) size]). Conversely, the correlation between 2D/3D values and the histological gold standard (sum of plaque areas) was weaker (ICC = 0.87 [49-520 mm(2) size]), with large dispersion of the differences between measurements in Bland-Altman plots (mean error, 79.2 mm(2)). 3DVUS using the volumetric-linear array method accurately measures plaque volumes, including those of small plaques. Measurements are more accurate for superficial arterial territories than for deep territories. Atherosclerosis. 2016; 248:230-237 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.03.002 0021-9150 Atherosclerosis 27038420 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/11871 Accurate quantification of atherosclerotic plaque volume by 3D vascular ultrasound using the volumetric linear array method.