2026-06-14T03:44:54Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request

oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/116712025-06-13T08:20:27Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19617

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Moreno-García, Alexandra author Kun, Alejandra author Calero, Miguel author Calero, Olga author 2021-01-16 Aging is associated with an increasing dysfunction of key brain homeostasis mechanisms and represents the main risk factor across most neurodegenerative disorders. However, the degree of dysregulation and the affectation of specific pathways set apart normal aging from neurodegenerative disorders. In particular, the neuronal metabolism of catecholaminergic neurotransmitters appears to be a specifically sensitive pathway that is affected in different neurodegenerations. In humans, catecholaminergic neurons are characterized by an age-related accumulation of neuromelanin (NM), rendering the soma of the neurons black. This intracellular NM appears to serve as a very efficient quencher for toxic molecules. However, when a neuron degenerates, NM is released together with its load (many undegraded cellular components, transition metals, lipids, xenobiotics) contributing to initiate and worsen an eventual immune response, exacerbating the oxidative stress, ultimately leading to the neurodegenerative process. This review focuses on the analysis of the role of NM in normal aging and neurodegeneration related to its capabilities as an antioxidant and scavenging of harmful molecules, versus its involvement in oxidative stress and aberrant immune response, depending on NM saturation state and its extracellular release. Antioxidants (Basel) . 2021 Jan 16;10(1):E124. 10.3390/antiox10010124 2076-3921 Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 33467040 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/11671 Immune response Neurodegeneration Neuromelanin (NM) Oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species (ROS) The Neuromelanin Paradox and Its Dual Role in Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration.