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oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/116382024-09-27T20:46:48Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19609

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Ordikhani, Farideh author Pothula, Venu author Sanchez-Tarjuelo, Rodrigo author Jordan, Stefan author Ochando, Jordi author 2020 Current immunosuppressive therapy has led to excellent short-term survival rates in organ transplantation. However, long-term graft survival rates are suboptimal, and a vast number of allografts are gradually lost in the clinic. An increasing number of animal and clinical studies have demonstrated that monocytes and macrophages play a pivotal role in graft rejection, as these mononuclear phagocytic cells recognize alloantigens and trigger an inflammatory cascade that activate the adaptive immune response. Moreover, recent studies suggest that monocytes acquire a feature of memory recall response that is associated with a potent immune response. This form of memory is called "trained immunity," and it is retained by mechanisms of epigenetic and metabolic changes in innate immune cells after exposure to particular ligands, which have a direct impact in allograft rejection. In this review article, we highlight the role of monocytes and macrophages in organ transplantation and summarize therapeutic approaches to promote tolerance through manipulation of monocytes and macrophages. These strategies may open new therapeutic opportunities to increase long-term transplant survival rates in the clinic. Front Immunol . 2020 Nov 30;11:582939. 10.3389/fimmu.2020.582939 1664-3224 Frontiers in immunology 33329555 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/11638 Immune tolerance Macrophages Nanotherapy Organ transplantation Trained immunity Macrophages in Organ Transplantation.