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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Dominguez-Molina, Beatriz author Tarancon-Diez, Laura author Milanés-Guisado, Yusnelkis author Genebat, Miguel author Resino, Salvador author Rodriguez, Carmen author González-García, Juan author Rallón, Norma author Pernas, Maria author Casado, Concepcion author Lopez-Galindez, Luis Cecilio author León, Agathe author Benito, José Miguel author García, Felipe author Del Romero, Jorge author Viciana, Pompeyo author Lopez-Cortes, Luis F author Leal, Manuel author Ruiz-Mateos, Ezequiel author ECRIS integrated in the Spanish AIDS Research Network author 2020-09 Introduction: HIV-controllers have the ability to spontaneously maintain viraemia at low or undetectable levels in the absence of antiretroviral treatment. Furthermore, HIV-controllers seem to have a superior capacity to spontaneously clear hepatitis C virus (HCV) compared to non HIV-controllers. Some of these subjects eventually lose HIV-controller status (transient controllers), whereas some HIV-controllers show a persistent natural HIV control (persistent controllers). We aimed to analyse whether persistent controllers have superior capacity to spontaneously clear HCV compared to transient controllers. Methods: We recruited HIV-controllers from January 1981 up to October 2016 with available antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) data (n = 744). Factors associated with HIV spontaneous control in relation to HCV status were analysed in persistent and transient HIV-controllers with anti-HCV positive (n = 202 and n = 138 respectively) in comparison with 1700 HCV positive non HIV-controllers recruited from January 1981 up to March 2018, bivariate and multivariate analyses, following a logistic regression model, were applied. In addition, the factors related to the loss and time to lose HIV-controller status were explored (n = 744) using Log rank test and Kaplan-Meier curves, in this case the multivariate analysis consisted in a Cox regression model. Results: A higher frequency of HCV spontaneous clearance was found in persistent HIV-controllers (25.5%) compared to non-controllers (10.2%). After adjusting for potential confounders, as sex, age, HIV transmission risk, CD4+ T-cell nadir and time of follow-up, HCV clearance was independently associated with persistent HIV spontaneous control (p = 0.002; OR (95% CI) = 2.573 (1.428 to 4.633)), but not with transient spontaneous control (p = 0.119; 1.589 (0.888 to 2.845)). Furthermore, persistent HIV-controllers were more likely to spontaneously clear the HCV in comparison with transient controllers (p = 0.027; 0.377 (0.159 to 0.893). Finally, not to lose or lengthen the time of losing this control was independently associated with HCV spontaneous clearance (p = 0.010; 0.503 (0.297 to 0.850). Conclusions: This study shows an association between spontaneous persistent HIV-control and HCV spontaneous clearance. The study findings support the idea of preserved immune mechanisms in persistent HIV control implicated in HCV spontaneous clearance. These results highlight persistent HIV-controllers but not transient controllers as a good model of functional HIV cure. J Int AIDS Soc. 2020 Sep;23(9):e25607. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/11081 32909370 10.1002/jia2.25607 1758-2652 Journal of the International AIDS Society HIV HCV HIV-controllers Persistent Transient HCV spontaneous clearance Persistent HIV-controllers are more prone to spontaneously clear HCV: a retrospective cohort study