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dc.contributor.authorEsteban-Vasallo, María D
dc.contributor.authorAragones, Nuria 
dc.contributor.authorPollan-Santamaria, Marina 
dc.contributor.authorLopez-Abente, Gonzalo 
dc.contributor.authorPerez-Gomez, Beatriz 
dc.date.accessioned2019-05-29T08:51:00Z
dc.date.available2019-05-29T08:51:00Z
dc.date.issued2012-10
dc.identifier.citationEnviron Health Perspect. 2012; 120(10): 1369–1377.es_ES
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/7691
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Placental tissue may furnish information on the exposure of both mother and fetus. Mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are toxicants of interest in pregnancy because they are associated with alterations in child development. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to summarize the available information regarding total Hg, Cd, and Pb levels in human placenta and possible related factors. METHODS: We performed a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Lilacs, OSH, and Web of Science for original papers on total Hg, Cd, or Pb levels in human placenta that were published in English or Spanish (1976-2011). Data on study design, population characteristics, collection and analysis of placenta specimens, and main results were extracted using a standardized form. RESULTS: We found a total of 79 papers (73 different studies). Hg, Cd, and Pb levels were reported in 24, 46, and 46 studies, respectively. Most studies included small convenience samples of healthy pregnant women. Studies were heterogeneous regarding populations selected, processing of specimens, and presentation of results. Hg concentrations > 50 ng/g were found in China (Shanghai), Japan, and the Faroe Islands. Cd levels ranged from 1.2 ng/g to 53 ng/g and were highest in the United States, Japan, and Eastern Europe. Pb showed the greatest variability, with levels ranging from 1.18 ng/g in China (Shanghai) to 500 ng/g in a polluted area of Poland. CONCLUSION: The use of the placenta as a biomarker to assess heavy metals exposure is not properly developed because of heterogeneity among the studies. International standardized protocols are needed to enhance comparability and increase the usefulness of this promising tissue in biomonitoring studies.es_ES
dc.description.sponsorshipWe thank the librarians of the Móstoles Hospital and of the National Health Sciences Library (ISCIII).es_ES
dc.language.isoenges_ES
dc.publisherNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) es_ES
dc.type.hasVersionVoRes_ES
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/*
dc.subjectBiomonitoringes_ES
dc.subjectCadmiumes_ES
dc.subjectLeades_ES
dc.subjectMercuryes_ES
dc.subjectMetalses_ES
dc.subjectPlacentaes_ES
dc.titleMercury, cadmium, and lead levels in human placenta: a systematic reviewes_ES
dc.typejournal articlees_ES
dc.rights.licenseAttribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional*
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional*
dc.identifier.pubmedID22591711es_ES
dc.format.volume120es_ES
dc.format.number10es_ES
dc.format.page1369-77es_ES
dc.identifier.doi10.1289/ehp.1204952es_ES
dc.description.peerreviewedes_ES
dc.identifier.e-issn1552-9924es_ES
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1204952es_ES
dc.identifier.journalEnvironmental health perspectiveses_ES
dc.repisalud.centroISCIII::Centro Nacional de Epidemiologíaes_ES
dc.repisalud.institucionISCIIIes_ES
dc.rights.accessRightsopen accesses_ES


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