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dc.contributor.authorRamírez-Olivencia, German
dc.contributor.authorRubio Muñoz, Jose Miguel 
dc.contributor.authorRivas, Pablo
dc.contributor.authorSubirats, Mercedes
dc.contributor.authorHerrero, María Dolores
dc.contributor.authorLago, Mar
dc.contributor.authorPuente, Sabino
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-02T10:24:56Z
dc.date.available2019-04-02T10:24:56Z
dc.date.issued2012-09-12
dc.identifier.citationMalar J. 2012 Sep 12;11:324.es_ES
dc.identifier.issn1475-2875es_ES
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/7426
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Submicroscopic malaria (SMM) can be defined as low-density infections of Plasmodium that are unlikely to be detected by conventional microscopy. Such submicroscopic infections only occasionally cause acute disease, but they are capable of infecting mosquitoes and contributing to transmission. This entity is frequent in endemic countries; however, little is known about imported SMM.The goals of this study were two-fold: a) to know the frequency of imported SMM, and b) to describe epidemiological, laboratorial and clinical features of imported SMM. METHODS: A retrospective study based on review of medical records was performed. The study population consisted of patients older than 15 years attended at the Tropical Medicine Unit of Hospital Carlos III, between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2007. Routinely detection techniques for Plasmodium included Field staining and microscopic examination through thick and thin blood smear. A semi-nested multiplex malaria PCR was used to diagnose or to confirm cases with low parasitaemia. RESULTS: SMM was diagnosed in 104 cases, representing 35.5% of all malaria cases. Mean age (IC95%) was 40.38 years (37.41-43.34), and sex distribution was similar. Most cases were in immigrants, but some cases were found in travellers. Equatorial Guinea was the main country where infection was acquired (81.7%). Symptoms were present only in 28.8% of all SMM cases, mainly asthenia (73.3% of symptomatic patients), fever (60%) and arthromialgias (53.3%). The associated laboratory abnormalities were anaemia (27.9%), leukopaenia (15.4%) and thrombopaenia (15.4%). Co-morbidity was described in 75 cases (72.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study suggest that imported SMM should be considered in some patients attended at Tropical Medicine Units. Although it is usually asymptomatic, it may be responsible of fever, or laboratory abnormalities in patients coming from endemic areas. The possibility of transmission in SMM has been previously described in endemic zones, and presence of vector in Europe has also been reported. Implementation of molecular tests in all asymptomatic individuals coming from endemic area is not economically feasible. So re-emergence of malaria (Plasmodium vivax) in Europe may be speculated.es_ES
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by RICET RD06/0021/0003 ISCIII-RETICS.es_ES
dc.language.isoenges_ES
dc.publisherBioMed Central (BMC) es_ES
dc.type.hasVersionVoRes_ES
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subject.meshAdult es_ES
dc.subject.meshAged es_ES
dc.subject.meshAsymptomatic Diseases es_ES
dc.subject.meshClinical Laboratory Techniques es_ES
dc.subject.meshEmigration and Immigration es_ES
dc.subject.meshFemale es_ES
dc.subject.meshHumans es_ES
dc.subject.meshMalaria es_ES
dc.subject.meshMale es_ES
dc.subject.meshMicroscopy es_ES
dc.subject.meshMiddle Aged es_ES
dc.subject.meshMultiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction es_ES
dc.subject.meshParasitology es_ES
dc.subject.meshPlasmodium es_ES
dc.subject.meshPolymerase Chain Reaction es_ES
dc.subject.meshRetrospective Studies es_ES
dc.subject.meshSpain es_ES
dc.subject.meshTravel es_ES
dc.titleImported submicroscopic malaria in Madrides_ES
dc.typejournal articlees_ES
dc.rights.licenseAtribución 4.0 Internacional*
dc.identifier.pubmedID22970903es_ES
dc.format.volume11es_ES
dc.format.number1es_ES
dc.format.page324es_ES
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/1475-2875-11-324es_ES
dc.contributor.funderInstituto de Salud Carlos III 
dc.description.peerreviewedes_ES
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-324es_ES
dc.identifier.journalMalaria journales_ES
dc.repisalud.centroISCIII::Centro Nacional de Microbiologíaes_ES
dc.repisalud.institucionISCIIIes_ES
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/RD06/0021/0003es_ES
dc.rights.accessRightsopen accesses_ES


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Atribución 4.0 Internacional
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