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Effectiveness of the adapted bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against hospitalisation in individuals aged ≥ 60 years during the Omicron XBB lineage-predominant period: VEBIS SARI VE network, Europe, February to August, 2023 

We conducted a multicentre hospital-based test-negative case-control study to measure the effectiveness of adapted bivalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron XBB lineage-predominant period in patients aged ≥ 60 years with severe acute respiratory i...

Exposure to residential traffic and trajectories of unhealthy ageing: results from a nationally-representative cohort of older adults 

Background: Traffic exposure has been associated with biomarkers of increased biological ageing, age-related chronic morbidities, and increased respiratory, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality. Whether it is associated with functional impairments and unhealthy ageing trajectories is unknown. Me...

Epidemiology of reported cases of leptospirosis in the EU/EEA, 2010 to 2021 

Background:Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. Humans are infected by exposure to animal urine or urine-contaminated environments. Although disease incidence is lower in Europe compared with tropical regions, there have been reports of an increase in lept...

Effectiveness and safety of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in HIV late presenters 

Objectives: The efficacy of BIC/FTC/TAF in HIV late presenters initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) has not been sufficiently evaluated. Methods: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of BIC/FTC/TAF compared to other first-line antiretroviral regimens in treatmen...

Dynamics of the double burden of malnutrition in Guatemala: a secondary data analysis of the demographic and health surveys from 1998-2015 

Objective: We estimated the prevalence and time trends of the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) in Guatemala and explored its occurrence based on socio-demographic factors. Study design: This was a secondary data analysis using information from four Demographic and Health Surveys covering the per...

Circadian rhythm disruption and retinal dysfunction: a bidirectional link in Alzheimer's disease? 

Dysfunction in circadian rhythms is a common occurrence in patients with Alzheimer's disease. A predominant function of the retina is circadian synchronization, carrying information to the brain through the retinohypothalamic tract, which projects to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Notably, Alzheimer'...

Subthalamic stimulation has acute psychotropic effects and improves neuropsychiatric fluctuations in Parkinson's disease 

Background: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is a well-established treatment for motor complications in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms remain disputed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of STN-DBS on neuropsychiatric s...

Relative vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalisation in persons aged ≥ 65 years: results from a VEBIS network, Europe, October 2021 to July 2023 

To monitor relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) against COVID-19-related hospitalisation of the first, second and third COVID-19 booster (vs complete primary vaccination), we performed monthly Cox regression models using retrospective cohorts constructed from electronic health registries in eight E...

Estimation of Improvements in Mortality in Spectrum Among Adults With HIV Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in High-Income Countries 

Introduction: Mortality rates for people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in high-income countries continue to decline. We compared mortality rates among PLHIV on ART in Europe for 2016-2020 with Spectrum's estimates. Methods: The AIDS Impact Module in Spectrum is a compartme...

Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) topsoil levels and incidence of childhood leukemias 

There are few well-established risk factors for childhood leukemias. While the frequency of childhood leukemias might be partially attributable to some diseases (accounting for a small fraction of cases) or ionizing radiation, the role of heavy metals has not been assessed. The objective of our stu...

Occupation, occupational exposures and mammographic density in Spanish women 

Introduction: Mammographic density (MD), the proportion of radiologically dense breast tissue, is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Our objective is to investigate the influence of occupations and occupational exposure to physical, chemical, and microbiological agents on MD in Spanish premeno...

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide mortality in Spain: Differences by sex and age 

Background: Variations in suicide following the initial COVID-19 pandemic outbreak were heterogeneous across space, over time, and across population subgroup. Whether suicide has increased during the pandemic in Spain, a major initial COVID-19 hotspot, remains unclear, and no study has examined dif...

Lifting COVID-19 mitigation measures in Spain (May-June 2020) 

[EN] Introduction: The state of alarm was declared in Spain due to the COVID-19 epidemic on March 14, 2020, and established population confinement measures. The objective is to describe the process of lifting these mitigation measures. Methods: The Plan for the Transition to a New Normality, approv...

The imprinting effect of covid-19 vaccines: an expected selection bias in observational studies 

Recent observational studies have found a higher risk of reinfection with the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in people who received a third covid-19 booster dose. This finding has been interpreted as evidence of immune imprinting of covid-19 vaccines. This article proposes an alternative explanation...

The imprinting effect of COVID-19 vaccines: an expected selection bias in observational studies 

Recent observational studies have found a higher risk of reinfection with Omicron in people who received a third booster dose. This finding has been interpreted as evidence of immune imprinting of COVID-19 vaccines. We propose an alternative explanation: the increased risk of reinfection in individ...

Differences in preterm and low birth weight deliveries between spanish and immigrant women: influence of the prenatal care received 

Objectives: To compare the risk of preterm and low birth weight among newborns from native and immigrant women and to assess the role of prenatal care in the association between the ethnic origin of the women and their reproductive outcomes. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 21,708 women giving bir...

Recent trends of invasive mechanical ventilation in older adults: a nationwide population-based study 

Background: Critical care demand for older people is increasing. However, there is scarce population-based information about the use of life-support measures such as invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in this population segment. Objective: To examine the characteristics and recent trends of IMV ...

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of people with severe mental disorders hospitalized due to COVID-19: A nationwide population-based study 

Objetive: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with severe mental illness (SMI) have worse outcomes than counterparts without SMI. Barriers in access to acute care medical procedures among SMI patients may partially explain this phenomenon. Here, we examined differences in critical care admission and in-...

Trends in suicide mortality in Spain, 2000-2019: Moderation by foreign-born status 

Background: Suicide rates in Spain remained stable during the early 21st century. Suicide rates among specific socially vulnerable groups, however, remain unknown, and there are no data on suicide mortality rates and trends among migrants living in Spain. Methods: We analyzed Spain's 2000-2019 suic...

Safety of balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in Europe: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 

Purpose: The study aims to evaluate the safety of balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in Europe. Methods: Systematic review of the literature, until September 2013, and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials performed in Europe assessi...