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Immunoescape of HIV-1 in Env-EL9 CD8 + T cell response restricted by HLA-B*14:02 in a Non progressor who lost twenty-seven years of HIV-1 control

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URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/14484
DOI: 10.1186/s12977-022-00591-7
Publication date
2022-03-26
Authors
Moyano, Ana
Blanch-Lombarte, Oscar
Tarancon-Diez, Laura
Pedreño-Lopez, Nuria
Arenas, Miguel
Vera, Mar
Rodriguez, Carmen
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BioMed Central (BMC)
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Abstract
Background: Long-Term Non-Progressors (LTNPs) are untreated Human Immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected individuals able to control disease progression for prolonged periods. However, the LTNPs status is temporary, as viral load increases followed by decreases in CD4 + T-cell counts. Control of HIV-1 infection in LTNPs viremic controllers, have been associated with effective immunodominant HIV-1 Gag-CD8 + T-cell responses restricted by protective HLA-B alleles. Individuals carrying HLA-B*14:02 control HIV-1 infection is related to an immunodominant Env-CD8 + T-cell response. Limited data are available on the contribution of HLA-B*14:02 CD8 + T -cells in LTNPs. Results: In this study, we performed a virological and immunological detailed analysis of an HLA-B*14:02 LNTP individual that lost viral control (LVC) 27 years after HIV-1 diagnosis. We analysed viral evolution and immune escape in HLA-B*14:02 restricted CD8 + T -cell epitopes and identified viral evolution at the Env-EL9 epitope selecting the L592R mutation. By IFN-γ ELISpot and immune phenotype, we characterized HLA- B*14:02 HIV-1 CD8 + T cell responses targeting, Gag-DA9 and Env-EL9 epitopes before and after LVC. We observed an immunodominant response against the Env-EL9 epitope and a decreased of the CD8 T + cell response over time with LVC. Loss of Env-EL9 responses was concomitant with selecting K588R + L592R mutations at Env-EL9. Finally, we evaluated the impact of Env-EL9 escape mutations on HIV-1 infectivity and Env protein structure. The K588R + L592R escape variant was directly related to HIV-1 increase replicative capacity and stability of Env at the LVC. Conclusions: These findings support the contribution of immunodominant Env-EL9 CD8 + T-cell responses and the imposition of immune escape variants with higher replicative capacity associated with LVC in this LNTP. These data highlight the importance of Env-EL9 specific-CD8 + T-cell responses restricted by the HLA-B*14:02 and brings new insights into understanding long-term HIV-1 control mediated by Env mediated CD8 + T-cell responses.
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CD8 + T-cells Env-EL9 escape HLA-B*14:02 Long-term non-progressor (LTNP) Loss of viral control (LVC)
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Bibliographic citation
Retrovirology. 2022 Mar 26;19(1):6.
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Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM)
IBIS - Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (Andalucía)
IdISSC - Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid)
IGTP - Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud Germans Trias i Pujol (Cataluña)
IISGS - Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (Galicia)
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-022-00591-7
Document type
journal article