Browsing by Keyword "Cardiovascular Diseases"
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Publication How to stem the tide? Development of three scoping reviews in biomarkers and personalized prevention(Elsevier, 2023) Plans-Beriso, Elena; Babb-de-Villiers, Chantal; Petrova D; García-Ovejero, Ester; Craciun, Oana Marilena; Fernández Martínez N; Turner, H; Barahona-López, Cristina; Diez, P; Hernández, Orlando; UK Research and Innovation; Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. Horizonte EuropaThe “PeRsOnalized Prevention roadmap for the future HEalThcare” (PROPHET) project, seeks to assess the effectiveness, clinical utility and existing gaps in current personalized preventive approaches, and to develop a Strategy Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) for the European Union. The first draft of the SRIA concept paper needs to incorporate the state of the art of personalized prevention carried out through scoping reviews. Among them, our work aimed to answer whether there is any biomarker or combination of biomarkers that can help to better identify subgroups of individuals with different risks of developing a particular disease for primary or secondary prevention. These results were needed at early stage of the project; despite covering such a broad topic, it had to be carried out in record time (4 months) by a geographically dispersed team (Granada, Madrid, United Kingdom). Our challenge has been to maintain effective coordination and speed without losing scientific rigor. Between Feb-June 2023, our team conducted three independent scoping reviews (for cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, respectively) that involved quick and difficult decisions to narrow down the inclusion criteria, study populations, biomarkers included, and types of prevention. To maintain consistency, we created different glossaries and had multiple meetings and constant contact between team members. As a first step, we identified key terms on the topics of interest, helped by expert consultations, identification of significant publications and several specific tools (SR-Accelerator, etc.). A pilot study was conducted to refine the search matrix and to initiate coordination among reviewers. However, in order to shorten timeframes, we limited peer review to 10% of the records in all phases. The protocol, published in OSF, served as a guide for the report. All phases, when possible, overlapped to deliver the report on time. In addition, we made interactive evidence maps to show the results graphically, thanks to the creation of a script, using R and Python, to allow the input of the datasheet extraction file into the mapping application. Despite these challenges, we successfully met the project deadlines.Publication Interactive Gap Maps on Available Biomarkers for Risk Prediction and Stratification in Cancer, Cardiovascular, and Neurodegenerative Diseases (PROPHET Project)(2023) Plans-Beriso, Elena; Babb-de-Villiers, Chantal; Petrova, Dafina; Barahona-López, Cristina; Diez-Echave, Paul; Hernández, Orlando; Fernández-Martínez, Nicolás Francisco; Turner, Heather; García-Ovejero, Ester; Craciun, Oana Marilena; Fernandez-Navarro, Pablo L; Fernandez de Larrea-Baz, Nerea; García-Esquinas, Esther; Kuhn, Isla; Jimenez-Planet, Virginia; Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando; Sánchez, Maria-José; Pollan-Santamaria, Marina; Blackburn, Laura; Kroese, Mark; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz; Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. Horizonte Europa; UK Research and Innovation[EN] The PROPHET project (“PeRsOnalized Prevention roadmap for the future HEalThcare”), funded by the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation program, aims to assess the effectiveness, clinical utility, key success factors, and gaps in personalised preventive approaches for healthcare settings. One of the main task focuses on biomarkers for personalised prevention in the general adult population and their integration with digital technologies. The objective of the task is to highlight gaps in biomarkers research for primary and secondary prevention for cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Three rapid scoping reviews were conducted in parallel by three research teams, one for each group of diseases: cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The reviews used a common protocol and framework for searching, data extraction and the representation of results, with disease specific corresponding information and specifications. The following evidence and gap map is a product of these scoping reviews. [ES] El proyecto PROPHET (“PeRsOnalized Prevention roadmap for the future HEalThcare”), financiado por el programa de investigación e innovación Horizonte Europa de la Unión Europea, tiene como objetivo evaluar la eficacia, la utilidad clínica, los factores clave de éxito y las lagunas en los enfoques preventivos personalizados para entornos sanitarios. Una de las principales tareas se centra en los biomarcadores para la prevención personalizada en la población adulta general y su integración con las tecnologías digitales. El objetivo de la tarea es resaltar las lagunas en la investigación de biomarcadores para la prevención primaria y secundaria del cáncer, enfermedades cardiovasculares y neurodegenerativas. Tres equipos de investigación llevaron a cabo en paralelo tres revisiones rápidas de alcance, una para cada grupo de enfermedades: cáncer, enfermedades cardiovasculares y neurodegenerativas. Las revisiones utilizaron un protocolo y un marco común para la búsqueda, la extracción de datos y la representación de los resultados, con la información y especificaciones correspondientes específicas de la enfermedad. La siguiente evidencia y mapa de brechas es producto de estas revisiones de alcance.Publication Neurodegenerative diseases: a rapid scoping review of biomarkers for personalized prevention(Elsevier, 2023) Barahona-López, Cristina; Plans-Beriso, Elena; Petrova, Dafina; Fernández-Martínez, Nicolás Francisco; Craciun, Oana Marilena; García-Ovejero, Ester; Arruabarrena, E; Hernández, Orlando; Diez-Echave, Paul; Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. Horizonte Europa; UK Research and InnovationBackground/Objectives: One of the first steps of the PeRsOnalized Prevention roadmap for the future HEalThcare (PROPHET) project is to carry out several scoping reviews about research on biomarkers useful for personalized prevention -primary/secondary- of neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: A rapid scoping review was conducted (Feb-Jun 2023). Inclusion criteria were defined. Population: Adult general population (> 18 years), specific high-risk subgroups. Concept and context: Biomarkers that help to stratify the risk –either in primary or in secondary prevention– of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson disease, Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, vascular dementia, Lewy body disease and multiple sclerosis. We also included “cognitive decline” as a proxy of dementia. The literature available between 2020 and 2023 was reviewed using bibliographic bases, grey literature and expert consultation. Independent reviewers screened and extracted information from 10% of the papers, and the rest was screened by one reviewer –due to time constraints–. A graphical interactive map was created to visually identify the evidence gaps in the literature. Results: A total of 1,653 articles –after removing 395 duplicates– were obtained of which 28% (n = 460) were selected for the full-text phase. The most researched neurodegenerative disease was Alzheimer, followed by Parkinson, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Regarding the type of biomarker, more than half of articles included genetic/epigenetic biomarkers, and one third integrated imaging techniques. Few articles used -omics-based biomarkers or utilized artificial intelligence and/or deep learning methods. The results were presented taking into account the general population versus the high-risk groups of population (smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia or dyslipidaemia) as well as the clinical utility of the biomarkers. Conclusions/Recommendations: In this scoping review we provide a general picture of the state of art in the use of biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases, which will inform the future Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) for the European Union.Publication Turnos de trabajo, ¿un factor de riesgo cardiovascular?(Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo (ENMT), 2014-03) Santana-Herrera, José; Alfano, Tony; Escobal-Machado, Adriana[ES] Objetivos: Describir según la literatura existente si hay evidencia científica de que los turnos de trabajo son un factor de riesgo cardiovascular e identificar las intervenciones en los tipos de turno más efectivas para reducir dichos riesgos.Material y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en 10 bases de datos obteniéndose 13 artículos. El diseño de estos estudios fueron: 7 de intervención, 1 de cohortes, 1 casos control, 3 descriptivos transversales y un estudio piloto. Se agruparon los trabajos según la dirección y velocidad de rotación, ergonomía de los turnos y cambios en el número de turnos analizándose la modificación de los biomarcadores según el tipo de intervención. Resultados: La muestra total fue de 12.332 trabajadores. El cambio en la dirección de rotación del turno de trabajo de atrás hacia adelante mostró cambios favorables como disminución del nivel de glucosa, TG, Ác. Úrico y TAS. Rotaciones rápidas en sentido horario pueden ser beneficiosas observándose una disminución del colesterol total, relación colesterol total/LDL y un aumento de HDL. Al asociar la dirección y velocidad de rotación no se obtuvieron modificaciones significativas de los biomarcadores. El cambio ergonómico en los turnos disminuyo las alteraciones lipídicas, TA y FC. Finalmente la diabetes mellitus se vio influenciada negativamente cuando cambiamos de tres turnos a dos turnos de trabajo.Conclusiones: Los artículos publicados sugieren un impacto negativo del trabajo por turnos en el riesgo cardiovascular que puede modificarse favorablemente con cambios en la organización del trabajo (sistema de rotación rápido en sentido horario, turnos flexibles y rotaciones de tres turnos). [EN] Objective: The aims of this review are to identify the scientific evidence in the association between shift work and cardiovascular risk factor and identify what interventions are more effectives in the different type of shift works to reduce this risk. Methods: A literature search has been performed in 10 scientific databases, taking into account the level of evidence we select 13 articles. The design of this studies was: 7 of interventions, 1 of cohort, 1 of retrospective cohort, 3 transversals descriptive an 1 pilot study. These covered a diverse range of interventions: changes to the speed, direction, and use of rotation; ergonomics and changes in the numbers to shift work, analyzed the modification of biomarkers by type of intervention. Results: 12.332 workers were examined. The change in the direction of the shift work from backward to forward shift rotation showed positive changes such as decreased glucose, TG, Ac. Uric and TAS. Rapid clockwise rotation can be beneficial observed a reduced total cholesterol, cholesterol ratio Total/LDL and increase of the HDL. By associating the direction and speed of rotation no significant changes in biomarkers were obtained. The ergonomic change shifts decreased lipid abnormalities, TA and FC. Finally Diabetes Mellitus was negatively influenced when switching from three shifts to two shifts. Conclusions: The published articles suggest a negative impact of shift work on cardiovascular risk which can be modified favorably to changes in work organization (system fast clockwise rotation, flexible shifts and rotations of three shifts).