First Author;Name of indicator;Category;Subcategory;Type of indicator (mathematical measurement);Numerator;Numerator data source;Denominator;Denominator data source;How coefficient is expressed ;Area of Reference;Reference period;Disaggregation;Strenghts;Limitations
Akbari, M;Hospitalization;3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;Hospital admission records;Possible cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Year;by Age, Sex, Occupation;Other strength;Small sample Lack of representativeness SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Almeida, PD;COVID-19 cumulative incidence;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Cumulative cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;10,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Data collection Representativeness;Information bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Almeida, PD;COVID-19 lethality;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Data collection Representativeness;Information bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Almeida, PD;COVID-19 mortality rate;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;100,000;City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Data collection Representativeness;Information bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Anwar, F;% positive among tested;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);District;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Detection of asymptomatic;Other limitations
Azarpazhooh, R;COVID-19 case rate per million;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;1,000,000;Global;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES);Data collection Large sample;Missing data
Azarpazhooh, R;Positive tests to total tests;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Total tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Global;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES);Data collection Large sample;Missing data
Azarpazhooh, R;COVID-19 mortality rate ;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;1,000,000;Global;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES);Data collection Large sample;Missing data
Bernard, A;% in-hospital death;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;Hospital admission records;Symptomatic cases;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Comorbidities;Large sample;Not mentioned
Bernard, A;% of intensive care support;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;Hospital admission records;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Comorbidities;Large sample;Not mentioned
Bi, Q;Incubation period;1. Morbidity;Incubation;Count;Incubation period;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;N/A;;N/A;City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Deprivation index;Data collection Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Missing data Lack of more granular data
Bi, Q;% of symptomatic;1. Morbidity;Percentage symptomatic/asymptomatic;Rate;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Week;by Age, Sex;Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Data collection bias Missing data Lack of more granular data
Bi, Q;% of symptomatic;1. Morbidity;Percentage symptomatic/asymptomatic;Rate;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex;Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Lack of representativeness Lack of more granular data
Bi, Q;Secondary attack rate;1. Morbidity;Secondary attack rate;Rate;Contact with cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Exposed people;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Travelling abroad;Data collection Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Other limitations
Bi, Q;Disease severity;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Rate;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES), Travelling abroad;Data collection Representativeness;Other limitations
COVID-19 APHP-Universities-INRIA-INSERM Group;Emergency Medical Service calls, percentage of positive RT-PCR tests, ambulances used, Emergency Department visits and GP visits;4. Composite;;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;International/national/regional registry;N/A;;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;No Disaggregation;Data collection Large sample Early signals ICU;Other limitations SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Castilla, J;SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infections;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Total tests;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Day;by Age, Sex;Other strength;Other limitations
Castilla, J;Death from SARS-CoV-2;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Total tests;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Month;by Age, Sex;Data collection;Other limitations
Castilla, J;Hospitalisation;3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Rate;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Total tests;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Month;by Age, Sex;Data collection;Other limitations
Castilla, J;Hospitalisation;3. Severity;ICU;Rate;Hospitalised or severe;International/national/regional registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Month;by Age, Sex;Data collection;Other limitations
Chen, R;Fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;Hospital admission records;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, BMI, Smoking;Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Missing data Lack of more granular data
Cummings, MJ;rate of in-hospital death;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;Hospital admission records;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Deprivation index, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Not mentioned
Cummings, MJ;median time to clinical deterioration following admission;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;Time to outcome;Hospital admission records;N/A;;N/A;Region/ county/ department;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Cummings, MJ;Tidal volume;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;mL per kg;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Hospital admission records;N/A;;N/A;City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Education, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity, BMI, Smoking;Data collection Large sample;Lack of representativeness Convenience sample
Cummings, MJ;PEEP;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Count;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Hospital admission records;N/A;;N/A;City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Education, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity, BMI, Smoking;Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Cummings, MJ;Severity clinical indicator: PaO2;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Hospital admission records;Fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2);Hospital admission records;N/A;City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Cummings, MJ;Airway pressure;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Count;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Hospital admission records;N/A;;N/A;City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Education, Comorbidities, Ethnicity, BMI, Smoking;Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Cummings, MJ;PaO2 to Fi02;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Hospital admission records;Fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2);Hospital admission records;N/A;City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ethnicity, BMI, Smoking;Data collection Large sample;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Cummings, MJ;Non Invasive ventilation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Count;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Hospital admission records;N/A;;N/A;City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Education, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data Convenience sample Enrolment (participation) bias
Cummings, MJ;Duration of invasive mechanical ventilatio;3. Severity;Length ventilation;Count;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Hospital admission records;N/A;;N/A;Region/ county/ department;Month;by Age, Sex, Education, Comorbidities, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data
DīSilva, KM;Death number (%) patients;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ethnicity;Large sample;Lack of representativeness Convenience sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
DīSilva, KM;"hospitalization

";3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Symptoms, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection;Small sample Lack of representativeness Convenience sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
DīSilva, KM;ICU admission;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Symptoms, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection;Small sample Lack of representativeness Convenience sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
DīSilva, KM;Ischemic stroke;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Symptoms, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection;Small sample Lack of representativeness Convenience sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
DīSilva, KM;"Venous Thromboembolism
";3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Symptoms, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection;Small sample Lack of representativeness Convenience sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
DīSilva, KM;Mechanical Ventilation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Symptoms, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection;Small sample Lack of representativeness Convenience sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
DīSilva, KM;"Acute renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy
";3. Severity;Treatments;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Symptoms, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection;Small sample Lack of representativeness Convenience sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
DīSilva, KM;ICU admission, mechanical ventilation and death;4. Composite;;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ethnicity, BMI;Data collection;Small sample Lack of representativeness Convenience sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Ekezie I;point prevalence of cases by ethnic group  (infection rate);1. Morbidity;New and pre-existinga cases divided by population;Rate;Cumulative cases;International/national/regional registry;Population;Census;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Month;by Ethnicity;Other strength;Lack of representativeness SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Ekezie I;% covid-19 positive cases;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Population;Census;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Month;by Ethnicity;Not mentioned;Lack of representativeness SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Ekezie I;cause-specific mortality rate by ethnic group;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);International/national/regional registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;10,000;City/ municipality;Month;by Ethnicity;Other strength;Lack of representativeness SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Fried, MV;percentage of patients died;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);Insurance claims;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Ventilation treament, Pharmacological treament;Large sample;Enrolment (participation) bias Not mentioned
Fried, MV;median time from admission to receiving mechanical ventilation;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;Time to outcome;Insurance claims;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Large sample;Enrolment (participation) bias Not mentioned
Fried, MV;Median duration of hospitalization;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;Insurance claims;N/A;;N/A;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Comorbidities, Smoking;Large sample Representativeness;Enrolment (participation) bias
Fried, MV;"Duration on ICU
";3. Severity;ICU;Count;LOS;Insurance claims;N/A;;N/A;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Comorbidities, Smoking;Large sample;Enrolment (participation) bias
Fried, MV;percentage of ICU level of care;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;Insurance claims;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Ventilation treament;Large sample;Enrolment (participation) bias Not mentioned
Fried, MV;percentage of patients with pneumonia within 24 hours;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;Insurance claims;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Ventilation treament;Large sample;Enrolment (participation) bias Not mentioned
Fried, MV;percentage of patients with pneumonia during hospitalisation;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;Insurance claims;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Ventilation treament;Large sample;Enrolment (participation) bias Not mentioned
Fried, MV;"Needs for oxygen supplementation
";3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Insurance claims;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Ventilation treament;Large sample;Enrolment (participation) bias
Fried, MV;Mechanical ventilation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Insurance claims;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Comorbidities, Smoking;Large sample Representativeness;Enrolment (participation) bias
Gao, Min;Death from COVID-19;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);Primary care visits;Population;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Comorbidities, Deprivation index, Ethnicity, BMI, Smoking;Large sample Representativeness;Enrolment (participation) bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Gao, Min;Hospitalized with COVID-19;3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Proportion;Confirmed cases;Primary care visits;Population;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Comorbidities, Deprivation index, Ethnicity, BMI, Smoking;Large sample Representativeness;Enrolment (participation) bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Gao, Min;Admitted to ICU with COVID-19;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;Primary care visits;Patients w/o COVID19;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Comorbidities, Deprivation index, Ethnicity, BMI, Smoking;Large sample Representativeness;Enrolment (participation) bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Garay, F;Seroprevalence;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Seropositives;In-house databases & Serological surveys;IgG ab tested;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Day;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES);Not mentioned;Enrolment (participation) bias
Girardin, JL;Incidence rate;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;inpatient and outpatient visits;Total tests;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Convenience sample
Girardin, JL;Mortality rate of COVID-19 among those who tested positive;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;inpatient and outpatient visits;Total tests;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Comorbidities, Length of stay, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity, Smoking;Not mentioned;Lack of more granular data
Girardin, JL;Time-To-Discharge (in days);3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;inpatient and outpatient visits;N/A;;N/A;Hospital;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Other limitations
Goswami, Rudra RP, ;Mortality rate ;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;1,000,000;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Vaccination status;Not mentioned;Lack of more granular data SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Gray, William K;Death with COVID-19 within 30 days of discharge;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;Hospital admission records and death certificates;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Data collection bias
Gray, William K;In-hospital mortality;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;Hospital admission records and death certificates;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Age, Geographic area, Length of stay, ICU admission, Hospital resources;Not mentioned;Data collection bias
Gray, William K;Mortality If admitted to critical care;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;Hospital admission records and death certificates;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Data collection bias
Gray, William K;Median length of hospital stay;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;Hospital admission records;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Month;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Data collection bias
Gray, William K;Admission to critical care;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Confirmed cases;Hospital admission records;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Data collection bias
Hawkins, RB;Cases per 100,000 persons;1. Morbidity;New and pre-existinga cases divided by population;Proportion;Cumulative cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Distressed Communities Index (DCI);Large sample Representativeness;Other limitations SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Hawkins, RB;Case fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;Census;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Distressed Communities Index (DCI);Large sample Representativeness;Other limitations SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Hawkins, RB;Deaths per 100,000 persons;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Distressed Communities Index (DCI);Large sample Representativeness;Other limitations SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Hodges, G;In-hospital Mortality;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;All-cause deaths;Civil Registry and National Patient Register;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Pharmacological treament, Biomarkers;Data collection Large sample;Selection bias
Hodges, G;Death/ICU admission;4. Composite;;Proportion;Death or ICU;Civil Registry and National Patient Register;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Pharmacological treament, Biomarkers;Data collection Large sample;Selection bias
Hohl, Alexander;Space-time clusters of COVID-19;1. Morbidity;Space-time cluster;Space-time cluster;Cumulative cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Other strength;Other limitations
Holler, JG;Length of Stay for In-hospital Deaths;2. Mortality;Time to death;Count;LOS;Civil Registry and National Patient Register;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Day;;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of external validation
Holler, JG;ICU Mortality;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);Civil Registry and National Patient Register;Symptomatic cases;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ventilation treament;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of external validation
Holler, JG;In-hospital mortality;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);Civil Registry and National Patient Register;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ventilation treament, ICU admission;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Differences in referral patterns Lack internal valid COVID-19 Dx Lack of external validation
Holler, JG;Length of Stay;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;Civil Registry and National Patient Register;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Day;by ICU admission;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of external validation
Holler, JG;Admission to ICU;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;Civil Registry and National Patient Register;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ventilation treament;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of external validation
Holler, JG;Patients needing dialysis;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Renal therapies;Civil Registry and National Patient Register;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of external validation
Holler, JG;extracorporeal membrane Oxygenation (ECMO);3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Civil Registry and National Patient Register;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of external validation
Holler, JG;Mechanical respirator use;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Civil Registry and National Patient Register;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of external validation
Houvčssou, GM;Incidence rate;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;1,000,000;National/Country;Day;by Geographic area;Representativeness;Data collection bias Lack of more granular data SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Huang, L;Incubation period;1. Morbidity;Incubation;Count;Incubation period;International/national/regional registry;N/A;;N/A;City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), BMI, Smoking, Travelling abroad;Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Lack of more granular data
Huang, L;% cluster onset;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), Smoking, Travelling abroad;Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Lack of more granular data
Huang, L;% family cluster onset;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Exposed people;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), BMI, Smoking, Travelling abroad;Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Lack of more granular data
Huang, L;% asymptomatic;1. Morbidity;Percentage symptomatic/asymptomatic;Rate;Symptomatic cases;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;Census;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Socio economic status (SES), BMI, Smoking, Travelling abroad;Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Lack of more granular data
Huang, L;Contact with patients with COVID-19;1. Morbidity;Secondary attack rate;Count;Contact with cases;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;N/A;City/ municipality;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), Smoking, Travelling abroad;Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Lack of more granular data
Huang, L;Hospitalization rate;3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Rate;Cumulative cases;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Month;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), Smoking;Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Lack of more granular data
Hussein, NR;Share of positive cases;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Hussein, NR;case fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Ioannidis, J;Relative mortality rate of COVID-19 death in people <65 versus ?65 years old;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;1,000,000;Global;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Geographic area;Large sample;Data collection bias Missing data
Ioannidis, J;Proportion of COVID-19 deaths in people <65 years old;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;100 (i.e. %);Global;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Geographic area, Comorbidities;Large sample;Missing data
Jen, TH;case fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Other strength;Not mentioned SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Jing, QL;secondary attack rate;1. Morbidity;Secondary attack rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Exposed people;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Housing (size, ownership), Type of contacts;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Joyner, MJ;Death within 30 days after plasma transfusion;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Data collection bias Lack of representativeness Missing data
Joyner, MJ;ICU admission;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by AntiSARS-CoV-2 IgG Level;Not mentioned;Data collection bias Lack of representativeness Missing data
Joyner, MJ;Severe or life-threatening Covid-19;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Symptoms, Severity, AntiSARS-CoV-2 IgG Level;Not mentioned;Data collection bias Lack of representativeness Missing data
Joyner, MJ;Mechanical ventilation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by AntiSARS-CoV-2 IgG Level;Not mentioned;Data collection bias Lack of representativeness Missing data
Kanecki, Krzysztof;case fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities;Not mentioned;Data collection bias Missing data
Kanecki, Krzysztof;"Percentage of men by age groups among hospitalized patients with 
COVID?19";3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Not mentioned;Data collection bias Missing data
Khamis, F;crude fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Age, Sex, Ethnicity;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Kumar, Amit;"weekly COVID-19 confirmed cases per 1000
nursing home residents";1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;1000 (i.e. );National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Ethnicity, Nursing Home;Not mentioned;Missing data
Kumar, Amit;"weekly COVID-19 mortality rates per 1000 nursing home residents
";2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;1000 (i.e. );National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Sex, Ethnicity;Not mentioned;Missing data
Kumar, G;Mortality among hospitalized patients;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Day;by Age, Sex;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias Lack of more granular data
Kumar, G;Complications;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Age;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias Lack of more granular data
Kumar, G;mechanical ventilation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias Lack of more granular data
Kumar, G;supplemental oxygen;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias Lack of more granular data
Laake, JH;Crude case fatality rate (CFR) among COVID-19 ICU cases;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Renal replacement(y/n), Severity, Ventilation treament;Data collection;Small sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Laake, JH;ICU LOS;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Comorbidities, Symptoms, Renal replacement(y/n), Severity, Ventilation treament, ICU admission;Data collection;Small sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Laake, JH;Systolic blood pressure at ICU admission;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by ICU admission;Data collection;Small sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Laake, JH;Acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF);3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by ICU admission;Data collection;Small sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Laake, JH;Clinical management at ICU;3. Severity;Other severity classifications;Proportion;Renal therapies;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Small sample SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Lee, JH;Percentage of deaths;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;Insurance claims;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Lee, JH;Length of ICU stay;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;Insurance claims;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Lee, JH;Length of hospital stay for admitted patients;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;Insurance claims;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Lee, JH;ICU admission (%);3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;Insurance claims;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Lee, JH;Invasive mechanical ventilation (%);3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Insurance claims;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Sex;Data collection;Not mentioned
Lee, JH;Oxygen therapy n (%);3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Insurance claims;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Sex;Data collection;Not mentioned
Lee, JH;Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Insurance claims;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Sex;Data collection;Not mentioned
Lee, JH;Renal replacement therapy;3. Severity;Treatments;Proportion;Renal therapies;Insurance claims;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Sex;Data collection;Not mentioned
Lee, SW;Positivity rate;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;Insurance claims;Positive tests;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Pharmacological treament;Large sample;Selection bias
Lee, SW;composite endpoint 1;4. Composite;;yes/no;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Insurance claims;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Pharmacological treament;Large sample;Selection bias
Lee, SW;composite endpoint 2;4. Composite;;yes/no;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);Insurance claims;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Pharmacological treament;Large sample;Selection bias
Liao, Tim F.;Number of cumulative confirmed cases per 100000 population;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Cumulative cases;International/national/regional registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;100,000;National/Country;Day;by Age, Sex, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Testing variability SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Liao, Tim F.;Morbidity;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Politics, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity;Large sample Representativeness;Cannot establish a causal relationship Testing variability Lack of external validation SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Liao, Tim F.;Mortality;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);International/national/regional registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Politics, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity;Large sample Representativeness;Cannot establish a causal relationship Testing variability Lack of external validation SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Liao, Tim F.;Number of deaths per 100000 population;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);International/national/regional registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;100,000;National/Country;Day;by Age, Sex, Education, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Other limitations SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
López, Maria Gracia Flores;COVID-19 mortality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;Death registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Data collection bias Lack of more granular data
Meyers, KJ;Estimated prevalence ;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Week;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ethnicity, BMI, Risk categories;Detection of asymptomatic;Lack of representativeness Enrolment (participation) bias
Monari, C;% of patients who died;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Positive tests;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Month;by Severity;Representativeness;Data collection bias Small sample
Monari, C;% of hospitalized patients;3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Positive tests;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Month;by Severity;Representativeness;Data collection bias Small sample
Monari, C;% of subjects with ARDS;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Tested PCR/confirmed cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Month;by Severity;Representativeness;Data collection bias Small sample
Monari, C;% receiving O2 therapy;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Positive tests;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Month;by Severity;Representativeness;Data collection bias Small sample
Monari, C;Clinical presentation;3. Severity;Other severity classifications;Proportion;Symptomatic cases;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Positive tests;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Month;;Representativeness;Data collection bias Small sample
Mutnal, MB;Incidence;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Month;by Age, Sex, Ethnicity;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Other limitations
Mutnal, MB;Test positivity rate;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Rate;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Total tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Week;by Age, Sex, Ethnicity;Data collection Large sample Representativeness Detection of asymptomatic;Data collection bias Lack of representativeness
Nurchis, MC;Years of Life Lost (YLL);2. Mortality;YLL;YLL;YLL;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;YLL;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Data collection Representativeness WHO formula;Data collection bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Nurchis, MC;DALYs;4. Composite;;DALYs;DALYs;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Data collection Representativeness WHO formula;Data collection bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Nurchis, MC;Years Lost due to Disability (YLD) for incident cases of the disease or injury;4. Composite;;YLD;YLDs;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Data collection Representativeness WHO formula;Data collection bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Nurchis, MC;standardized DALY (DALY per 1000 persons);4. Composite;;DALYs;DALYs;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;1000 (i.e. );National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Data collection Representativeness WHO formula;Data collection bias SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Oh, TK;"% individuals diagnosed with COVID-19
";1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Pharmacological treament;Large sample;Selection bias
Oh, TK;Percentage in-hospital mortality;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Pharmacological treament;Large sample;Selection bias
Padilla-Raygoza, Nicolas;Cause-specific mortality rate for COVID-19;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Data collection bias
Pana TA;Observed country-leveL mortality rate;2. Mortality;Mean daily increase in deaths until the peak in mortality;Count;Daily increase in deaths;International/national/regional registry;Days;;N/A;National/Country;Day;by Geographic area;Comparable;Not mentioned
Pana TA;Country-level mean mortality rate from COVID-19;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);International/national/regional registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;N/A;National/Country;Day;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Other limitations
Ramaswamy, Sudarshan;Case prevalence (cumulative reported cases / 10,000 population);1. Morbidity;New and pre-existinga cases divided by population;Rate;Cumulative cases;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Population;Census;10,000;City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection Large sample Representativeness random sample;Other limitations
Ramaswamy, Sudarshan;Seroprevalence;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Seropositives;In-house databases & Serological surveys;IgG ab tested;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Socio economic status (SES);Data collection Large sample Representativeness random sample;Lack of more granular data
Ramaswamy, Sudarshan;Infection-Case Ratio (ICR);1. Morbidity;infection case ratio;Rate;Expected COVID-19 infections;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Positive tests;Other denominator data source;N/A;City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection Large sample Representativeness random sample;Other limitations
Ramirez IJ;covid-19 incidence rates/100,000;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES);Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Lack of more granular data SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Ramirez IJ;case- fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES);Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Lack of more granular data SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Ramirez IJ;death rate;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES);Representativeness;Lack of representativeness Lack of more granular data SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Ranjan, Alok;COVID-19 incidence rate (per 100 000 inhabitants);1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Education, Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES);Not mentioned;Data collection bias Ecological fallacy
Ranjan, Alok;COVID-19 case fatality rate (per 10 000);2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;10,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Education, Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES);Not mentioned;Ecological fallacy
Ranjan, Alok;COVID-19 mortality rate (per 100 000 inhabitants);2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Education, Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES);Not mentioned;Ecological fallacy
Rauscher, Emily;Prevalence of COVID-19 cases (/100 000);1. Morbidity;New and pre-existinga cases divided by population;Rate;Cumulative cases;International/national/regional registry;Exposed people;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity;Reduce heterogeneity;Cannot establish a causal relationship
Rauscher, Emily;Prevalence of COVID-19 deaths;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity;Reduce heterogeneity;Cannot establish a causal relationship
Rezabeigi-Davarani, E;Case fatality (%);2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Positive tests;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Small sample
Rezabeigi-Davarani, E;percentage hospitalised;3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Proportion;Confirmed cases;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Positive tests;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Small sample Lack of representativeness
Richardson, D;Mortality within 72 hours;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Patients w/o COVID19;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Hour;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness
Richardson, D;Mortality within 48 hours;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Patients w/o COVID19;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Hour;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness
Richardson, D;In-hospital mortality for Covid-19;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Not mentioned
Richardson, D;Mortality within 24 hours;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Patients w/o COVID19;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Day;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness
Richardson, D;Median length of stay ;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;International/national/regional registry;N/A;;N/A;Hospital;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness
Richardson, D;Admission to ICU;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;International/national/regional registry;Patients w/o COVID19;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness
Richardson, D;Referred to critical care outreach team;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;International/national/regional registry;Patients w/o COVID19;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness
Richardson, D;On ventilation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);International/national/regional registry;Patients w/o COVID19;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Not mentioned
Richardson, D;Palliative care;3. Severity;Treatments;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;International/national/regional registry;Patients w/o COVID19;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Hospital;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness
Royo-Cebrecos, C;Seroprevalence;1. Morbidity;New and pre-existinga cases divided by population;Proportion;Seropositives;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Population;Census;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Month;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Occupation, Housing (size, ownership);Large sample Detection of asymptomatic;Data collection bias False-positive cases Selection bias
Rubio-Rivas, M;days from hospital admission to death;2. Mortality;Time to death;Count;LOS;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Risk categories;Data collection Large sample;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Rubio-Rivas, M;in-hospital mortality;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Risk categories;Data collection Large sample;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Rubio-Rivas, M;Intensive care unit (ICU) admission (%);3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Risk categories;Data collection Large sample;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Rubio-Rivas, M;Invasive mechanical ventilation (%);3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Risk categories;Data collection Large sample;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Rubio-Rivas, M;Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (%);3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Risk categories;Data collection Large sample;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Rubio-Rivas, M;Requirement of high flow nasal cannula (%);3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Risk categories;Data collection Large sample;Lack of representativeness Missing data
Sahoo, Harihar;Active rate;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Rate;Active cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Sahoo, Harihar;Test positivity rate;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Total tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Other strength;Not mentioned
Sahoo, Harihar;Case fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Salyer, Stephanie;weekly incidence ;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Week;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Missing data Lack of more granular data
Salyer, Stephanie;cumulative incidence;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Cumulative cases;International/national/regional registry;Population;Census;100,000;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Missing data Lack of more granular data
Salyer, Stephanie;growth rate;1. Morbidity;growth rate;Rate;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Days;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Week;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Missing data
Salyer, Stephanie;case fatality ratio;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Missing data Lack of more granular data
Seyhan AU;% confirmed cases;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;Hospital admission records;Possible cases;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Geographic area, Nationality, Comorbidities, Symptoms;Not mentioned;Lack of representativeness
Seyhan AU;% cases with specific symptoms;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;Possible cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Lack of representativeness
Shahriarirad, R;mortality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Small sample Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Shahriarirad, R;average duration of hospitalization ;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;In-house databases & Serological surveys;N/A;;N/A;City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Small sample Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Shahriarirad, R;ICU admission rate;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Symptoms, Travelling abroad, Occupation;Not mentioned;Small sample Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Shahriarirad, R;average number of days from the start of symptoms until the development of dyspnea;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Count;Time to outcome;In-house databases & Serological surveys;N/A;;N/A;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Small sample Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Shahriarirad, R;average number of days from the development of dyspnea to progression to acute espiratory distress syndrome (ARDS);3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Count;Time to outcome;In-house databases & Serological surveys;N/A;;N/A;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Small sample Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Shahriarirad, R;Invasive mechanical ventilation rate;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;;Not mentioned;Small sample Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Shahriarirad, R;nasal cannula ventilation rate;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Small sample Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Shahriarirad, R;Noninvasive ventilation or high flow mask support rate;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Small sample Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Shahriarirad, R;rate of severe disease;3. Severity;Other severity classifications;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Symptoms, Travelling abroad;Not mentioned;Small sample Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Shallcross, L;Odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection in residents;1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Odds;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Nursing Home;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Shallcross, L;Proportion asymptomatic positive tests / all positive tests (95% CI);1. Morbidity;Percentage symptomatic/asymptomatic;Proportion;Asymptomatic;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Nursing Home;Large sample;Not mentioned
Shallcross, L;Weighted period prevalence of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in residents and staff;1. Morbidity;Positivity rate;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Total tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);Long-term care facilities;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Nursing Home;Large sample;Not mentioned
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;All-cause in-hospital mortality of rt-PCR confirmed COVID-19 adult patients;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;All-cause deaths;Hospital admission records;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Travelling abroad;Data collection Detection of asymptomatic;Lack of more granular data
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;Length of ICU stay;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness Missing data Convenience sample Lack of more granular data
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;Length of hospital stay;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness Missing data Convenience sample Lack of more granular data
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;Prevalence of ICU admission in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and deaths ;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness Missing data Convenience sample
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;Prevalence of presence of organ failure (Multiorgan failure (2 or more), Pulmonary, Renal, Cardiovascular, Hepatic, Gastrointestinal, Encephalopathy, Others) in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and deaths ;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;COVID-19 patients and deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness Missing data Convenience sample Lack of more granular data
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;Prevalence of sign or symptom in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and deaths ;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;COVID-19 patients and deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness Missing data Convenience sample
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;Prevalence of Oxygen therapy/Ventilatory support in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and deaths ;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;COVID-19 patients and deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness Missing data Convenience sample
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;Prevalence of Supplemental oxygen given, Nasal cannula, Face mask, Non-invasive ventilation, Tracheal intubation, ECMO, Prone positioning in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and deaths with highest FiO2 requirement ;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;COVID-19 patients and deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Small sample Lack of representativeness Missing data
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;Prevalence of Convalescent plasma therapy and Renal replacement therapy for AKI in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and deaths ;3. Severity;Treatments;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;COVID-19 patients and deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness Missing data Convenience sample
Soria, Maria Luz Joanna B.;Prevalence of Chest x-ray findings and Chest CT scan findings classified as normal, mild, moderate and severe in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and deaths ;3. Severity;Other severity classifications;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;COVID-19 patients and deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;;Data collection;Lack of representativeness Missing data Convenience sample
Stokes, Andrew;Direct COVID-19 Death Rate per 1,000 Person-Years;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Population;Census;1000 (i.e. );National/Country;Year;by Age, Geographic area, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES), Ethnicity, BMI, Smoking, Housing (size, ownership);Not mentioned;Data collection bias
Sung, HK;fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;length of hospital stay;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;In-house databases & Serological surveys;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;Length of hospital stay;3. Severity;Length of hospital stay;Count;LOS;In-house databases & Serological surveys;N/A;;N/A;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;ICU admission rate;3. Severity;ICU;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;percentage of Infiltration in chest X-ray on admission;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;Use of any renal-replacement therapy;3. Severity;Clinical outcomes/ Complications;Proportion;Renal therapies;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;Invasive mechanical ventilation rate;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;Rate of invasive mechanical ventilation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;Noninvasive mechanical ventilation rate;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;Rate of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;Rate of noninvasive mechanical ventilation;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;extracorporeal membrane oxygenation rate;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Severity;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Sung, HK;disease severity score;3. Severity;Other severity classifications;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;In-house databases & Serological surveys;Symptomatic cases;Other denominator data source;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Symptoms;Not mentioned;Missing data Enrolment (participation) bias
Telle, Kjetil;Mortality: % death within 30 days after the positive test in Norway;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ethnicity, Nursing Home;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Other limitations
Telle, Kjetil;"Severity: hospitalized (inpatient) two days before through 14 days after the positive test
";3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Rate;Hospitalised or severe;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ethnicity, Nursing Home;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Other limitations
Telle, Kjetil;Severity: invasive ventilator treatment during this hospitalization;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Rate;Ventilation therapies (or requesting);International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Ethnicity, Nursing Home;Data collection Large sample Representativeness;Other limitations
Terada, M;fatality rate ;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Symptomatic cases;Hospital admission records;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Smoking;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Terada, M;Severity on admission ;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities;Not mentioned;Not mentioned
Terada, M;worst severity ;3. Severity;Ventilation procedures;Proportion;Hospitalised or severe;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities;Not mentioned;Other limitations
Tesoriero, JamesM;Diagnosed with COVID-19, rate per 1000 population;1. Morbidity;New and pre-existinga cases divided by population;Proportion;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;1000 (i.e. );City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Ethnicity;Data collection Large sample;Other limitations
Tesoriero, JamesM;COVID-19 in-hospital mortality rate per 1000 diagnosis;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Total tests;International/national/regional registry;1000 (i.e. );City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Ethnicity;Data collection Representativeness;Other limitations
Tesoriero, JamesM;COVID-19 in-hospital mortality rate per 1000 hospitalised;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Symptomatic cases;International/national/regional registry;1000 (i.e. );City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Ethnicity;Data collection Representativeness;Other limitations
Tesoriero, JamesM;COVID-19 in-hospital mortality rate per 1000 population;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;International/national/regional registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;1000 (i.e. );City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Ethnicity;Data collection Representativeness;Other limitations
Tesoriero, JamesM;Hospitalized with COVID-19 per 1000 diagnoses;3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Rate;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;1000 (i.e. );City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Ethnicity;Data collection Representativeness;Other limitations
Tesoriero, JamesM;Hospitalized with COVID-19 per 1000 POPULATION;3. Severity;Hospitalisation;Rate;Confirmed cases;International/national/regional registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;1000 (i.e. );City/ municipality;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Ethnicity;Data collection Representativeness;Other limitations
Timelli, Laura;Cumulative incidence (per 100,000 inhabitants);1. Morbidity;New cases in the population;Rate;Cumulative cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;International/national/regional registry;100,000;National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Data collection Representativeness;Other limitations
Timelli, Laura;Mortality rate at the end of period;2. Mortality;mortality rate;Rate;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;Census;1000 (i.e. );National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Data collection;Lack of more granular data
Turista DDR;% confirmed cases;1. Morbidity;New and pre-existinga cases divided by population;Proportion;Confirmed cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Population;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Data collection bias Lack of representativeness SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Turista DDR;case-fatality rate;2. Mortality;fatality rate;Rate;COVID-19 deaths (any, confirmed or not confirmed);COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;100 (i.e. %);National/Country;Cumulative for the period;by Geographic area;Not mentioned;Data collection bias Lack of representativeness SARS-CoV-2 infection Dx NOT clear
Wibowo, Y;Effective reproduction number (Rt) ;1. Morbidity;Reproductive number;Count;Contact with cases;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;N/A;;N/A;Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex, Comorbidities, Socio economic status (SES);Not mentioned;Lack of representativeness
Wibowo, Y;"Percentage of death among confirmed cases
";2. Mortality;fatality rate;Proportion;Confirmed covid-19 Deaths;COVID-19 epidemiological survey/registry;Positive tests;International/national/regional registry;100 (i.e. %);Region/ county/ department;Cumulative for the period;by Age, Sex;Not mentioned;Lack of representativeness
